संजय उवाच |
तं तथा कृपयाविष्टमश्रुपूर्णाकुलेक्षणम् |
विषीदन्तमिदं वाक्यमुवाच मधुसूदनः || २ १ ||
sanjaya uvaacha
tam tathaa krpayaavishtam
ashru-puurnaakulekshanam
vishiidantam idam vaakyam
uvaacha madhusudanaha (SBG 2:01)
Sanjaya said:
To Arjuna, who was overcome with compassion, pity and sadness and whose eyes filled with tears, Madhusudana (Bhagavan Krishna) said as follows:
क्षेत्रज्ञं चापि मां विद्धि सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत |
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ज्ञानं यत्तज्ज्ञानं मतं मम || १३ २ ||
kshetrajnam chaapi maam viddhi
sarva kshetreshu bhaarata
kshetra-kshetrajnayor-jnaanam
yattat-jnaanam matam mama
(SBG 13:02)
You should know that the Kshetrajna or the embodied Self in all bodies or Kshetras is Me, O Arjuna. Knowing about the Kshetra and the Kshetrajnas is called knowledge.
ऋषिभिर्बहुधा गीतं छन्दोभिर्विविधैः पृथक् |
ब्रह्मसूत्रपदैश्चैव हेतुमद्भिर्विनिश्चितैः || १३ ४ ||
rishibhir-bahudhaa geetam
cchandho-bhirvi-vidhaihi pruthak
brahma-sootra-padaish-chaiva
hetu-madbhir-vinish-chitaihi
(SBG 13:04)
Great sages have sung about the absolute truth in various hymns of the Brahma Sutra and have described it through reason and logic with unambiguous evidence.
अहमात्मा गुडाकेश सर्वभूताशयस्थितः |
अहमादिश्च मध्यं च भूतानामन्त एव च || १० २० ||
ahamaatmaa gudaakesha
sarva-bhootaa-shayas-thitaha
ahamaadishcha madhyam cha
bhootaa naamanta eva cha (SBG 10:20)
I am the Self, O Gudakesha (Arjuna), situated within all living entities. I am the origin, the middle and also the end of all beings.
जातस्य हि ध्रुवो मृत्युर्ध्रुवं जन्म मृतस्य च |
तस्मादपरिहार्येऽर्थे न त्वं शोचितुमर्हसि || २ २७ ||
jaatasya hi dhruvo mrtyuhu
dhruvam janma mrtasya cha
tasmaad apariharye ‘rthe
na tvam shochitu marhasi (SBG 2:27)
For one who is born, death is certain; and for one who dies, rebirth is certain. Hence you should not grieve for this inevitable truth.
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्
नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः |
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो
न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे || २ २० ||
na jaayate mriyate vaa kadaachin
naayam bhutva bhavitaa vaa na bhuuyaha
ajo nityaha shaashvato ‘yam puraano
na hanyate hanyamaane shariire (SBG 2:20)
The Self is never born, nor does it die at any time. It does not come into existence by being born. The Self is constant. It is not killed when the body dies.
अच्छेद्योऽयमदाह्योऽयमक्लेद्योऽशोष्य एव च |
नित्यः सर्वगतः स्थाणुरचलोऽयं सनातनः || २ २४ ||
acchedyo ‘yama daahyo ‘yam
akledyo ‘shoshya eva cha
nityaha sarva gatah sthaanur-
achalo ‘yam sanaatanaha (SBG 2:24)
The soul or the Self is indeed incombustible, it cannot be cut, nor moistened nor dried. It is eternal and it has been there forever.
अविनाशि तु तद्विद्धि येन सर्वमिदं ततम् |
विनाशमव्ययस्यास्य न कश्चित्कर्तुमर्हति || २ १७ ||
avinaashi tu tadviddhi
yena sarva midam tatam
vinaasham avyayasyaasya
na kas-chit kartu marhati (SBG 2:17)
You must know that, that which pervades the body can never be destroyed. The soul is indestructible and imperishable.
नासतो विद्यते भावो नाभावो विद्यते सतः |
उभयोरपि दृष्टोऽन्तस्त्वनयोस्तत्त्वदर्शिभिः || २ १६ ||
naasato vidyate bhaavo
naabhaavo vidyate sataha
ubhayor api drsto ‘ntas-
tvanayos tattva darshibhihi (SBG 2:16)
Seers have who have studied both, the material body and the eternal soul, have concluded that the unreal does not endure and the real never ceases to be.
यथा प्रकाशयत्येकः कृत्स्नं लोकमिमं रविः |
क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत || १३ ३३ ||
yathaa prakaasha-yatye-kaha
krutsnam lokamimam ravihi
kshetram kshetree tathaa krutsnam
prakaasha-yati bhaarata
(SBG 13:33)
Like the sun that illuminates the whole world, the Self or the Soul, which is the Lord of the Kshetram or the body, illuminates the whole field, O Arjuna.
न तद्भासयते सूर्यो न शशाङ्को न पावकः |
यद्गत्वा न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम || १५ ६ ||
na tad-bhaa-sayate sooryo
na shashaangko na paavakaha
yad-gatvaa na nivartante
taddhaama paramam mama (SBG 15:06)
Neither does the sun, moon nor fire illumine My Supreme abode. The one who reaches the Highest Abode, never returns to material life.
अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम् |
यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम || ८ २१ ||
avyakto’kshara ityukta-
stamaahuh paramaam gatim
yam praapya na nivartante
taddhaama paramam mama (SBG 8:21)
What is called the Unmanifest and the Imperishable, is said to be the highest goal. Those who reach it do not return to this cycle of births and deaths. That is My highest abode.
निर्मानमोहा जितसङ्गदोषा
अध्यात्मनित्या विनिवृत्तकामाः।
द्वन्द्वैर्विमुक्ताः सुखदुःखसंज्ञैर्गच्छन्त्यमूढाः
पदमव्ययं तत् ॥१५- ५॥
nirmaana-mohaa jita-sanga-doshaa
adhyaat manityaa vini vritta kaamaah
dvand-vairvi-muktaaha sukha-duhkha-samjnair-
gacchantya-mood-haaha pada-mavyayam tat (SBG 15:05)
Those who are free from vanity and delusion, are victorious over the evil of attachment, dwell constantly in the Self, have their desires completely turned away, and are freed from the pairs of opposites known as pleasure and pain, will certainly reach the eternal goal.
यः शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य वर्तते कामकारतः |
न स सिद्धिमवाप्नोति न सुखं न परां गतिम् || १६ २३ ||
yah shaastra-vidhi-mutsrujya
vartate kaama kaarataha
na sa siddhi-mavaapnoti
na sukham na paraam gatim
(SBG 16:23)
A person who disregards the teachings of the scriptures and acts under the influence of desire, attains neither perfection, happiness nor the Supreme goal.
समं पश्यन्हि सर्वत्र समवस्थितमीश्वरम् |
न हिनस्त्यात्मनात्मानं ततो याति परां गतिम् || १३ २८ ||
samam pashyan hi sarvatra
sama-vasthita-meeshvaram
na hinast-yaatmanaa’tmaanam
tato yaati paraam gatim (SBG 13:28)
Such a person perceives the same Supreme Bhagavan dwelling equally everywhere and he does not degrade his own spiritual well-being by mistaking his ego to be the Self like the way ignorant people do. He, therefore, reaches the highest goal.
सत्त्वानुरूपा सर्वस्य श्रद्धा भवति भारत |
श्रद्धामयोऽयं पुरुषो यो यच्छ्रद्धः स एव सः || १७ ३ ||
sattvaa-nuroopaa sarvasya
shraddhaa bhavati bhaarata
shraddhaamayo’yam purusho
yo yacchraddhaha sa eva saha (SBG 17:03)
The faith of everyone is as per their nature, O Arjuna. People are what the nature of their faith is.
श्रद्धावाँल्लभते ज्ञानं तत्परः संयतेन्द्रियः |
ज्ञानं लब्ध्वा परां शान्तिमचिरेणाधिगच्छति || ४ ३९ ||
shraddhaavaan labhate gnyaanam
tatparaha samyatendriyaha
gnyaanam labdhvaa paraam
shaanti machire naadhi gacchati. (SBG 4:39)
The person of faith and devotion, who has control over the senses, attains knowledge. He immediately attains Supreme Peace.
तेषां सततयुक्तानां भजतां प्रीतिपूर्वकम् |
ददामि बुद्धियोगं तं येन मामुपयान्ति ते || १० १० ||
teshaam satata yuktaanaam
bhajataam preeti poorvakam
dadaami buddhiyogam tam
yena maamu payaanti te (SBG 10.10)
To them who are ever steadfast, worshipping Me with love, I give the Yoga of discrimination by which they come to Me.
10:11
तेषामेवानुकम्पार्थमहमज्ञानजं तमः |
नाशयाम्यात्मभावस्थो ज्ञानदीपेन भास्वता || १० ११ ||
teshaam evaanu-kam-paartham
aham ajnaanajam tamaha
naasha-yaam-yaat-mabhaa-vastho
jnaana-deepena bhaasvataa (10.11)
Out of mere compassion for them, I reside in their intellect and destroy the darkness born of ignorance by the bright lamp of knowledge.
ज्ञानेन तु तदज्ञानं येषां नाशितमात्मनः |
तेषामादित्यवज्ज्ञानं प्रकाशयति तत्परम् || ५ १६ ||
gnyaanena tu tadagnyaanam
yeshaam naashitam-aatmanaha
teshaam aaditya-vajgnyaanam
prakaashayati tatparam (SBG 5:16)
But, to those whose ignorance is destroyed by knowledge of the Self, their knowledge like the sun, manifests that highest Being.
इन्द्रियाणि पराण्याहुरिन्द्रियेभ्यः परं मनः |
मनसस्तु परा बुद्धिर्यो बुद्धेः परतस्तु सः || ३ ४२ ||
indriyaani paraan yaahur-
indriyebhyaha param manaha
manasasthu paraa buddhir
yo buddhehe parathasthu saha (SBG 3:42)
The senses are superior to the sense objects; the mind is superior to the senses; but the intellect is superior to the mind, and the Self or the soul is superior to the intellect.
एवं बुद्धेः परं बुद्ध्वा संस्तभ्यात्मानमात्मना |
जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् || ३ ४३ ||
evam buddhehe param buddhvaa
samsta bhyaat maana maatmanaa
jahi shatrum mahaa baaho
kaama ruupam duraasadam (SBG 3:43)
Therefore, knowing oneself to be higher than the material senses, the mind and the intelligence, one must conquer the enemy which is in the form of lust and desire. This enemy is difficult to conquer and only spiritual strength can conquer it.
यथैधांसि समिद्धोऽग्निर्भस्मसात्कुरुतेऽर्जुन |
ज्ञानाग्निः सर्वकर्माणि भस्मसात्कुरुते तथा || ४ ३७ ||
yathaidhaamsi samiddho’gnir
bhasmasaath kurute’rjuna
gnyaanaagnihi sarvakarmaani
bhasmasaath kurute tathaa (SBG 4:37)
Just as a blazing fire burns wood used as fuel into ashes, O Arjuna, knowledge burns all actions and reactions due to material activities, into ashes.
यस्य सर्वे समारम्भाः कामसङ्कल्पवर्जिताः |
ज्ञानाग्निदग्धकर्माणं तमाहुः पण्डितं बुधाः || ४ १९ ||
yasya sarve samaa rambhaaha
kaama sankalpa varjitaaha
jnanaagni dagdha karmaanam
tamaa-huhu panditam budhaaha (SBG 4:19)
A person whose every action is devoid of selfish desires and whose actions are burned by the fire of knowledge, is known to be a wise and highly learned person.
कामक्रोधवियुक्तानां यतीनां यतचेतसाम् |
अभितो ब्रह्मनिर्वाणं वर्तते विदितात्मनाम् || ५ २६ ||
kaama krodha viyuktaanaam
yateenaam yata chetasaam
abhito brahma nirvaanam
vartate viditaat manaam (SBG 5:26)
Sages who are free from passion and anger, who have their mind under control, who have realised the Self and are constantly aiming for perfection, are assured of liberation in the Supreme, here and hereafter.
शनैः शनैरुपरमेद् बुद्ध्या धृतिगृहीतया |
आत्मसंस्थं मनः कृत्वा न किंचिदपि चिन्तयेत् || ६ २५ ||
shanaih shanair-uparamed
buddhyaa dhriti-gruheetayaa
aatma-samstham manaha kritvaa
na kinchidapi chintayet (SBG 6:25)
One should withdraw little by little, establishing the mind in the Self through the intellect regulated by concentration. He should not think of anything else.
यतो यतो निश्चरति मनश्चंचलमस्थिरम् |
ततस्ततो नियम्यैतदात्मन्येव वशं नयेत् || ६ २६ ||
yato yato nish-charati
manash chanchala masthiram
tatas tato niyam yaitad-
aatman-yeva vasham nayet (SBG 6:26)
Wherever and whenever the mind wanders restlessly because of its unsteady quality, it should be restrained and brought back under the control of the Self.
यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिर्मुनिर्मोक्षपरायणः |
विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधो यः सदा मुक्त एव सः || ५ २८ ||
yatendriya manobuddhir
munir mokshaparaayanaha
vigatecchaabhaya krodho
yaha sadaa mukta eva saha (Gita 5:28)
with the senses, the mind and the intellect always controlled, with liberation as his supreme goal, free from desire, fear and anger—the wise person is truly liberated for ever.
सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं सर्वभूतानि चात्मनि |
ईक्षते योगयुक्तात्मा सर्वत्र समदर्शनः || ६ २९ ||
sarva bhootas-thamaat maanam
sarva-bhootaani chaatmani
eekshate yoga-yuktaatmaa
sarvatra sama-darshanaha (SBG 6:29)
A yogi whose Self is united with Divine Consciousness, sees the Self abiding in all beings and all beings in the Self. Such a person sees the same everywhere.
अनन्याश्चिन्तयन्तो मां ये जनाः पर्युपासते |
तेषां नित्याभियुक्तानां योगक्षेमं वहाम्यहम् || ९ २२ ||
anan-yaash-chintayanto maam
ye janaaha paryu-paasate
teshaam nityaabhi-yuktaanaam
yoga-kshemam vahaam-yaham (SBG 9:22)
To those people who worship Me alone, thinking of no other, I give My assurance that they get what they want and preserve what they have.
तेषां ज्ञानी नित्ययुक्त एकभक्तिर्विशिष्यते |
प्रियो हि ज्ञानिनोऽत्यर्थमहं स च मम प्रियः || ७ १७ ||
teshaam jnaanee nitya yukta
eka bhaktir vishishyate
priyo hi jnaanino’tyartha-
maham sa cha mama priyaha (SBG 7:17)
Of those, the one of wisdom who is engaged in devotional service is the best. I am dear to such a knower and he or she in turn is dear to Me.
बहूनां जन्मनामन्ते ज्ञानवान्मां प्रपद्यते |
वासुदेवः सर्वमिति स महात्मा सुदुर्लभः || ७ १९ ||
bahoonaam janma naamante
jnaana-vaan-maam prapadyate
vaasudevah sarvamiti
sa mahaatmaa sudur-labhaha (SBG 7:19)
Therefore after innumerable births, the one who has perfected his or her wisdom, understanding fully My universal reality, surrenders to Me and such a soul is very rare.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
प्रजहाति यदा कामान्सर्वान्पार्थ मनोगतान् |
आत्मन्येवात्मना तुष्टः स्थितप्रज्ञस्तदोच्यते || २ ५५ ||
sri bhagavaan uvaacha
prajahaathi yadaa kaamaan
sarvaan paartha mano gathaan
athmanye vaathmanaa thushtaha
sthita pragnyas tadhochyate (SBG 2:55)
Shree Bhagavan Krishna said:
One who gives up all desires of the mind, O Partha (Arjuna), and when one has a purified mind and is in a pure state of the soul, he is called a ‘Stithapragnya”or a man of steady consciousness.
विहाय कामान्यः सर्वान्पुमांश्चरति निःस्पृहः |
निर्ममो निरहङ्कारः स शान्तिमधिगच्छति || २ ७१ ||
vihaaya kaamaan yaha sarvaan
pumaams charati nihspruhaha
nirmamo nirahankaaraha
sa shaanti madhigacchati (SBG 2:71)
The person who has renounced attachment to all sense objects, lives with no sense of ownership, and he is free from false pride, thus attaining peace.
यस्मान्नोद्विजते लोको लोकान्नोद्विजते च यः |
हर्षामर्षभयोद्वेगैर्मुक्तो यः स च मे प्रियः || १२ १५ ||
yasmaan nod-vijate loko
lokaan nodvijate cha yaha
harshaa-marsha-bhayod-vegair-
mukto yah sa cha me priyaha (SBG 12:15)
The one who neither troubles others nor is agitated by the world; and is free from joy, envy, fear and anxiety; is dear to Me.
मानापमानयोस्तुल्यस्तुल्यो मित्रारिपक्षयोः |
सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी गुणातीतः स उच्यते || १४ २५ ||
maanaa-pamaana-yos-tulyas-
tulyo mitraari-paksha-yoho
sarvaarambha-parityaagee
gunaa-teetaha sa uchyate (SBG 14:25)
He who remains unmoved in honour and dishonour; is the same to friend and foe; and has renounced all actions by giving up claims of being the ‘Doer’, is said to have transcended the three Gunas.
यस्त्वात्मरतिरेव स्यादात्मतृप्तश्च मानवः |
आत्मन्येव च संतुष्टस्तस्य कार्यं न विद्यते || ३ १७ ||
yastvaatma ratireva syaad
aatma trptas cha maanavaha
aatmanyeva cha santushta
sthasya kaaryam na vidhyate (SBG 3:17)
But for the one who delights in the Self, remains Self illuminated, fully satisfied with the Self, duties don’t exist.
नैव तस्य कृतेनार्थो नाकृतेनेह कश्चन |
न चास्य सर्वभूतेषु कश्चिदर्थव्यपाश्रयः || ३ १८ ||
naiva thasya krtenaartho
naakrteneha kaschana
na chaasya sarva bhuuteshu
kaschi dhartha vyapaashayaha (SBG 3:18)
Such a person has no purpose whatsoever and is not interested in whatever is done or not done. He also does not depend on other living beings.
गतसङ्गस्य मुक्तस्य ज्ञानावस्थितचेतसः |
यज्ञायाचरतः कर्म समग्रं प्रविलीयते || ४ २३ ||
gatha-sangasya mukthasya
gnyaanaava-sthita chethasaha
yagnyaa-yaacharathaha karma
samagram praviliiyathe (SBG 4:23)
In the case of a person who has neither attachments nor the feeling of ‘doership’ and has his mind completely established in Divine knowledge, his actions being done as a sacrifice unto Bhagavan Krishna are freed from all Karmic reactions.
ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां हृद्देशेऽर्जुन तिष्ठति |
भ्रामयन्सर्वभूतानि यन्त्रारूढानि मायया || १८ ६१ ||
eeshvaraha sarva-bhootaanaam
hriddeshe’rjuna tisht-hati
bhraamayan-sarvabhootaani
yantraa-rood-haani maayayaa
(SBG 18:61)
The Supreme Bhagavan dwells in the hearts of all beings, O Arjuna, and in accordance to their respective Karma, He directs the wanderings of all beings by His Maya or illusive power, as if they were mounted on a machine.
तमेव शरणं गच्छ सर्वभावेन भारत |
तत्प्रसादात्परां शान्तिं स्थानं प्राप्स्यसि शाश्वतम् || १८ ६२ ||
tameva sharanam gaccha
sarva-bhaavena bhaarata
tatprasaa-daat-paraam shaantim
sthaanam praap-syasi shaash-vatam
(SBG 18:62)
O Arjuna! Seek refuge in Him and surrender your body, mind and soul unto Him. By His Grace you shall attain Supreme Peace and the Eternal Abode.
Tavamithram Sarvada 